Meteorological Terms

 

 

Meteorology is the study of weather. Meteorological terms describe:

á    instruments for gathering weather data

á    the data they collect

á    the unit they use

á    types of weather

 

Temperature

á    measures the motion in air particles (kinetic energy)

á    measured with a thermometer

á    metric unit is Celsius

á    standard unit is Fahrenheit.

 

Relative Humidity

á    measures water vapor in the air

á    measured with a hygrometer

á    the unit is percent

á    100% humidity means it is raining

 

Air Pressure

á    the force of air pushing on Earth

á    measured with a barometer

á    moves from high to low pressure

á    causes wind

á    standard unit is inches of Mercury

á    metric unit is millibars of Mercury

á    average pressure is 29.92Ó Hg

 

High Air Pressure

á    weather associated with high pressure is dry

á    the force of air is pushing hard on the Earth, limiting evaporation

á    symbol is a capital H

á    > 29.92 inches of Hg

 

Low Air Pressure

á    weather associated with low pressure is wet

á    the force of air is pushing lightly on the Earth, increasing evaporation

á    symbol for low pressure is a capital L

á    < 29.92 inches of Hg

 

Wind Speed

á    the rate at which air is moving

á    measured with an anemometer

á    the unit for wind speed is Miles per Hour (mph)

á    named after the location wind is blowing from (N,S,E,W)

á    ÒonshoreÓ and ÒoffshoreÓ winds are named after the location they are blowing to